Civil Rights in American History lecture notes part 2

Social rights are primarily concerned with access to places of public accommodation.

First and foremost, Dred Scott v. Sandford denied to blacks, whether slave or free, citizenship.

Article IV of the Constitution states that “the citizens of each State shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States.”

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was primarily the work of moderate Republicans in Congress.

The three central pillars of section one of the Fourteenth Amendment are privileges and
immunities, due process, and equal protection.

According to Dr. Moreno, the Fourteenth Amendment was an attempt to make permanent the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1866.

White Southerners who joined the Republican Party during Reconstruction were derisively
referred to as scalawags.

President Grant took the extreme measure of suspending the writ of habeas corpus in South Carolina in order to combat efforts to deprive black people of the right to vote.

The Republican Party lost control of Congress in the election of 1874 due to corruption in the Grant administration and an economic recession.

After winning a disputed election in 1876, President Rutherford B. Hayes removed the last federal troops from Southern states.

Booker T. Washington believed that progress required deliberate efforts to “cement the friendship” between the races.

In his famous speech at the Cotton States and International Exposition in Atlanta, Booker T.
Washington describes the needs of black people in the South through the image of a ship lost at sea.

Dr. Morel explains that Booker T. Washington’s statement, “We are hungry,” meant a desire for knowledge and material necessities.

W.E.B. Du Bois pointed to race as the prime mover of history.

Du Bois believed that the elevation and progress of black people in America would be best
secured by a black elite.

Source: “Civil Rights in American History” course from Hillsdale.edu.